Anemia pada Remaja: Kajian Pustaka
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56951/vyn29h03Kata Kunci:
anemia, remaja, kajian pustaka, faktor risiko, epidemiologiAbstrak
Menyongsong Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) pada tahun 2030 yang bertujuan menjamin kehidupan yang sehat dan mendorong kesejahteraan bagi seluruh lapisan usia, Indonesia mulai menempatkan fokus pada kondisi anemia, khususnya pada remaja. Anemia adalah kondisi di mana konsentrasi hemoglobin berada di bawah nilai normal, yang dalam jangka panjang dapat memengaruhi pertumbuhan serta perkembangan generasi muda. Tingginya prevalensi anemia di Indonesia yaitu sebesar 15,5%, membuat kondisi ini perlu menjadi perhatian. Tujuan kajian pustaka ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan apa yang dimaksud dengan anemia, berikut faktor risiko, tata cara diagnostik dan deteksi dini, serta tantangan ke depan dalam pencegahan dan penatalaksanaannya. Kajian pustaka ini menghimpun jurnal dan artikel ilmiah yang didapatkan dari Pubmed maupun Google Scholar pada tahun 2018-2023. Berdasarkan hasil penelusuran pustaka didapatkan kasus anemia yang tinggi, dengan salah satu faktor risikonya adalah kecukupan nutrisi dalam siklus hidup. Kecukupan nutrisi dapat dimulai dari keluarga, sehingga pendekatan keluarga dengan edukasi maupun program berbasis pendekatan keluarga lainnya diharapkan mampu mengurangi bahkan mengeliminasi anemia pada remaja. Deteksi dini dan skrining anemia juga dapat menjadi solusi yang akan mengurangi prevalensi terjadinya anemia.
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Referensi
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