Lymphedema Diagnosis dan Terapi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56951/medicinus.v33i2.46Kata Kunci:
lymphedema, lympholymphatic bypass, lymphovenous bypass, transfer kelenjar limfa, terapi lymphedemaAbstrak
Lymphedema merupakan kondisi akibat gangguan transportasi aliran limfa yang menyebabkan terjadinya akumulasi cairan limfatik di ruang interstitial. Gangguan transportasi aliran limfa dapat disebabkan oleh kelainan kongenital ataupun yang didapat, seperti akibat trauma, infeksi, keganasan, dan pascatrombosis vena. Tindakan yang dapat dilakukan untuk mencegah komplikasi dan progresi penyakit berupa terapi non-operatif dan terapi operatif. Terapi konservatif yang dilakukan berupa edukasi perawatan kulit, manual lymphatic drainage (MLD), kompresi dengan short-stretch bandage, serta latihan ringan. Adapun terapi pembedahan dilakukan pada kondisi berat dan mengalami gangguan fungsional yang tidak membaik dengan terapi non-operatif. Pada lymphedema derajat awal, terapi yang dapat dilakukan adalah metode fisiologis seperti lympholymphatic bypass, lymphovenous bypass serta transfer kelenjar limfa; sedangkan pada lymphedema berat dengan jumlah jaringan fibroadiposa yang tinggi, digunakan metode reduksi yang terdiri dari eksisi langsung atau liposuction.
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