Pengembangan Tablet Isap Imunostimulan yang Mengandung Kombinasi Ekstrak Buah Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) dan Ekstrak Propolis

Shofwan Alkami; Liana Oktaviani Nur Izmi; Wildan Hidayatullah; Heni Rachmawati

doi:10.56951/wd0g4063

Pengembangan Tablet Isap Imunostimulan yang Mengandung Kombinasi Ekstrak Buah Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) dan Ekstrak Propolis

Penulis

Shofwan Alkami Sekolah Farmasi, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
Liana Oktaviani Nur Izmi Sekolah Farmasi, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
Wildan Hidayatullah Sekolah Farmasi, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
Heni Rachmawati Sekolah Farmasi, Institut Teknologi Bandung dan Pusat Penelitian Nanosains dan Nanoteknologi, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56951/wd0g4063

Kata Kunci:

Physalis angulata L., propolis, ekstrak mikropartikel, tablet isap, imunostimulan

Abstrak

Latar Belakang: Buah ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) kaya akan senyawa imunostimulan, namun memiliki kelarutan dalam air yang rendah. Modifikasi ukuran partikel menjadi ekstrak mikropartikel buah ciplukan (EMC) dengan kombinasi ekstrak propolis dalam sediaan tablet isap (lozenges) dikembangkan untuk mengoptimalkan efikasi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi EMC, mengevaluasi keamanan seluler secara in vitro dan aktivitasnya secara in vivo pada tikus Wistar, serta memformulasi dan menguji aktivitas imunostimulan dari tablet isap kombinasi. Metode: EMC dikarakterisasi menggunakan scanning electron microscope (SEM), particle size analyzer (PSA), dan skrining fitokimia. Pengujian keamanan in vitro dilakukan menggunakan sel RAW 264.7. Parameter evaluasi in vivo meliputi indeks organ, parameter hematologi, histologi limpa (diameter pulpa putih), dan ekspresi reseptor manosa (CD206) hepatik. Tablet isap kombinasi EMC, propolis, vitamin C, vitamin D, dan zink (Zn) diformulasikan dan dievaluasi secara in vivo. Hasil: EMC menunjukkan morfologi sferis dan kaya akan fenol, flavonoid, serta alkaloid. Viabilitas sel RAW 264.7 ditemukan >100% hingga konsentrasi 500 ppm, menunjukkan tidak adanya efek sitotoksik. Secara in vivo, EMC dengan dosis 37,8 mg/kg BB (setara dosis manusia 300 mg EMC/70 kg BB) secara signifikan meningkatkan profil sel darah putih (leukosit, limfosit, monosit, dan granulosit), diameter pulpa putih limpa (mencapai 531,81 μm), serta ekspresi CD206 hepatik (mencapai 25,721%) dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif dan kelompok pembanding asam galat (p<0,05). Sediaan tablet isap kombinasi kedua ekstrak juga secara signifikan meningkatkan seluruh parameter imunologi yang diamati dibandingkan kontrol negatif (p<0,05). Kesimpulan: Sediaan tablet isap kombinasi EMC dan ekstrak propolis berpotensi dikembangkan lebih lanjut sebagai alternatif sediaan untuk mendukung sistem pertahanan tubuh.

Unduhan

Baca Selengkapnya

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