Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in an HIV-Infected Patient: A Case Report

Abstrak

Introduction: Lymphoma is one of the hematologic malignancies that occur at a higher rate in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Management of HIV/AIDS-associated lymphoma consists of establishing the precise histological subtype, assessing performance status, and evaluating the burden of the coexisting comorbidities. The treatment aims to achieve clinical improvement and enhance quality of life. This case report describes our experience in evaluating and managing a patient with HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma at RSUP Prof. dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Case presentation: A 27-year-old male with HIV infection was admitted to the emergency room due to generalized weakness for three weeks. The patient also complained of a lump in the right nostril. The lump was approximately the size of a marble, with solid consistency, skin-colored appearance, and no associated pain. The patient had a history of HIV infection since May 2021 and was already undergoing regular treatment with antiretroviral drugs. A series of tests, computed tomography (CT) scan, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and biopsy were performed after admission. He was treated with continuing antiretroviral therapy and chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) regimen. The patient showed good adherence to therapy. Conclusions: Although antiretroviral therapy has significantly reduced the incidence of HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes, it remains the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients compared to the general population. Awareness and knowledge of lymphoma in people with HIV/AIDS is essential to improve their survival and recovery. In addition, early identification of the etiology of lymphoma is essential for the physician to facilitate early prevention of lymphoma complications.