Potensi Tanaman Sukun (Artocarpus altilis) sebagai Agen Antiinflamasi dan Antidiabetes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56951/medicinus.v36i2.122Kata Kunci:
Artocarpus altilis, antiinflamasi, antidiabetesAbstrak
Latar belakang: Artocarpus altilis adalah tumbuhan yang setiap bagiannya berkhasiat untuk kesehatan. Di Indonesia, penyebaran tanaman sukun hanya ditemukan di tempat tertentu dan belum dibudidayakan, namun tanaman ini kaya akan senyawa flavonoid, tanin, dan saponin yang berpotensi sebagai antidiabetes dan antiinflamasi. Diabetes tipe 2 adalah sekelompok gangguan metabolik yang ditandai dengan kondisi hiperglikemia dan dapat disebabkan karena kurangnya produksi maupun gangguan pada kerja insulin. Penyakit ini merupakan penyakit degeneratif yang menjadi masalah kesehatan di dunia. Tata laksana diabetes dilakukan dengan modifikasi gaya hidup dan dibantu dengan penggunaan obat-obatan antidiabetes maupun terapi insulin. Inflamasi merupakan reaksi lokal tubuh yang ditandai dengan gejala tertentu. Pengobatan inflamasi dengan menggunakan obat sintetik banyak menimbulkan efek samping. Tujuan: Review ini dibuat untuk memberikan informasi tentang aktivitas antidiabetes dan antiinflamasi pada tanaman sukun. Hasil: Senyawa dengan aktivitas antidiabetik dari tanaman sukun dihasilkan oleh bagian batang, daun, dan buah yang diperoleh dari serangkaian hasil pengujian yang dimulai dengan uji fitokimia, dilanjutkan dengan pengujian aktivitas antidiabetes secara in vivo, in vitro, dan uji kalorimetri AlCl, aktivitas antiinflamasi dihasilkan oleh bagian daun dan buah yang dibuktikan dari hasil pengujian aktivitas antiinflamasi secara in vitro dan in vivo. Kesimpulan: Tanaman sukun berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai pengobatan alternatif untuk penyakit diabetes dan mengatasi inflamasi.
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Referensi
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