Dislipidemia Aterogenik pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2:  Patofisiologi dan Pilihan Terapi

Rulli Rosandi

doi:10.56951/medicinus.v34i1.47

Dislipidemia Aterogenik pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2: Patofisiologi dan Pilihan Terapi

Penulis

Rulli Rosandi Divisi Endokrin Metabolik dan Diabetes RSU Dr. Saiful Anwar – Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya Malang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56951/medicinus.v34i1.47

Kata Kunci:

dislipidemia aterogenik, diabetes mellitus

Abstrak

Dislipidemia aterogenik mempunyai karakteristik berupa peningkatan kadar trigliserida dan small dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL), serta penurunan kadar high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Kondisi ini disertai dengan peningkatan kadar dari very-low-density lipoprotein yang kaya akan trigliserida, apolipoprotein B, dan oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). Profil lipid ini mempunyai peranan penting di dalam patogenesis gangguan kardiovaskular seperti penyakit jantung koroner, peripheral artery disease, dan stroke. Diabetes melitus adalah faktor risiko independen untuk terjadinya aterosklerosis prematur. Statin intensitas tinggi dan sedang (moderate) masih merupakan pilihan terapi yang direkomendasikan dalam tata laksana kelainan ini. Saat ini juga makin berkembang alternatif terapi di luar statin yang perannya masih mendampingi pemberian statin. Ezetimibe dan proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor mulai banyak disebutkan dalam panduan penatalaksanaan dislipidemia terkini, selain tetap mengedepankan pendekatan nonfarmakologis seperti pengaturan diet dan latihan fisik.

Unduhan

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