Patofisiologi dan Manajemen Terapi Sindrom Stevens-Johnson(SSJ) dan Nekrolisis Epidermal Toksik (NET)

Penulis

  • Rina Diana Bagian/ SMF Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret, RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta
  • Muhammad Eko Irawanto Bagian/ SMF Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret, RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56951/medicinus.v33i2.53

Kata Kunci:

Nekrolisis epidermis (NE), Stevens-Johnson

Abstrak

Nekrolisis epidermis (NE) adalah sindrom reaksi mukokutan akut yang ditandai dengan nekrosis dan pengelupasan epidermis yang luas serta dapat menyebabkan kematian. Lesi awal berupa makula eritematosa, kemudian berkembang secara progresif menjadi lesi lepuh kendur dan selanjutnya terjadi pengelupasan epidermis. Berdasarkan luas permukaan tubuh yang terlibat, NE diklasifikasikan menjadi tiga kategori, yaitu sindrom Stevens-Johnson (SSJ) jika luas lesi <10%, overlap SSJ-nekrolisis epidermal toksik (SSJ-NET) jika luas lesi 10–30%, dan nekrolisis epidermal toksik (NET) jika luas lesi >30%. Patofisiologi NE belum diketahui dengan jelas hingga saat ini. Sindrom Stevens-Johnson (SSJ) dan nekrolisis epidermal toksik (NET) merupakan kondisi yang dapat menyebabkan kematian, oleh karena itu memerlukan penanganan yang cepat dan tepat. Mengidentifikasi kemungkinan penyebab dan memberikan perawatan yang diperlukan di rumah sakit diharapkan mampu meminimalisasi kejadian fatal akibat kondisi ini. Penanganan utama pada SSJ-NET adalah dengan menghentikan penggunaan substansi yang dicurigai sebagai penyebab. Terapi lain yang dapat diberikan masih cukup kontroversial, seperti pemberian corticosteroid, IVIG, plasmapheeresis, dan ciclosporin.

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Diterbitkan

28-05-2024

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[1]
Patofisiologi dan Manajemen Terapi Sindrom Stevens-Johnson(SSJ) dan Nekrolisis Epidermal Toksik (NET). MEDICINUS 2024;33:50-62. https://doi.org/10.56951/medicinus.v33i2.53.