Perkembangan Pemeriksaan Interferon-Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) dengan Metode T-SPOT.TB serta Aspek Klinis Pelaporan Hasil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56951/medicinus.v33i1.5Kata Kunci:
LTBI, IGRA, QFT, T-SPOT.TB, indeterminate, borderlineAbstrak
Screening dan pengobatan latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) memainkan peranan penting dalam mengontrol tuberculosis (TB). Centers for Disease Prevention and Control (CDC) mengingatkan adanya risiko transmisi TB bagi para petugas kesehatan dan menganjurkan setiap pelayanan kesehatan memiliki program kontrol infeksi TB. CDC merekomendasikan penggunaan pemeriksaan Interferon-Gamma Release Assay (IGRAs) pada orang yang memiliki riwayat kontak dengan penderita atypical mycobacteria, pemeriksaan selama kehamilan, screening petugas kesehatan, serta evaluasi serial infeksi Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB).
Saat ini tersedia kit komersial untuk pemeriksaan IGRA yaitu QFT dan T-SPOT.TB. Penyebutan indeterminate digunakan pada QFT sebagai nilai borderline, sedangkan pada T-SPOT.TB digunakan untuk hasil invalid. Hanya T-SPOT.TB yang menggunakan zona borderline yang didesain untuk mengurangi ketidakpastian hasil pada rentang yang sempit di sekitar titik cut-off tunggal. Masih belum ada rekomendasi terkait penggunaan pemeriksaan IGRA untuk memantau keberhasilan terapi.
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