Profil Pemphigus Vulgaris di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta Periode Januari 2014-Desember 2019
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56951/medicinus.v34i3.79Kata Kunci:
pemfigus vulgaris, akantolisis, immunosuppressant, corticosteroidAbstrak
Latar belakang: Pemphigus vulgaris adalah penyakit vesikobulosa autoimun yang mengancam jiwa, yang disebabkan oleh adanya akantolisis sel keratinosit akibat gangguan adhesi pada desmoglein 1 (Dsg1) dan desmoglein 3 (Dsg3). Gambaran klinis pada pemphigus vulgaris berupa lepuhan (bullae) kendur yang dapat mengenai seluruh bagian tubuh disertai keterlibatan mukosa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil kasus pemphigus vulgaris di Instalasi Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Dr. Moewardi Surakarta periode Januari 2014-Desember 2019. Metode: Penelitian dilakukan secara deskriptif retrospektif dengan melihat data rekam medis pasien pemphigus vulgaris di Instalasi Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Dr. Moewardi Surakarta periode Januari 2014-Desember 2019. Hasil: Didapatkan 25 orang pasien pemphigus vulgaris dalam kurun waktu 6 tahun, dengan kelompok usia terbanyak adalah 51-60 tahun (36%) dan jenis kelamin terbanyak pada wanita (80%). Pemphigus vulgaris melibatkan mukokutan mulut pada 60% pasien dengan komorbiditas terbanyak adalah hiperglikemia (20%) dan kelainan laboratorium tersering adalah hipoalbuminemia (32%). Terapi yang diberikan pada 52% pasien berupa corticosteroid sistemik, sedangkan sisanya (48%) diberikan terapi kombinasi dengan immunosuppressant, antara lain mycophenolate mofetil (20%), cyclosporine (16%) dan azathioprine (12%). Kesimpulan: Pemphigus vulgaris sering dijumpai pada wanita rentang usia 51-60 tahun. Tata laksana kasus pemphigus vulgaris dilakukan dengan menggunakan terapi tunggal corticosteroid sistemik (52%) atau terapi kombinasi menggunakan agen immunosuppressant.
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